Lo dicono i dati, lo diciamo come un mantra, come se i dati fossero Dio. Crediamo che siano la verità assoluta, neutra, oggettiva, reale. Ma la verità con la V maiuscola non esiste, secoli di filosofia dovrebbero avercelo insegnato. Eppure caschiamo sempre nella trappola di voler trovare qualcosa che sia al di sopra delle parti e che ci offra una istantanea su tutto, priva di soggettività. E invece la verità è il risultato di uno sguardo. A seconda di chi guarda e di dove guarda, si avranno risposte diverse. Nel mondo di oggi, nel pianeta virtuale degli algoritmi- che però condizionano la vita reale- le nuove divinità sono appunto i dati. Ma chi ha il potere di raccoglierli e analizzarli? Chi consulta chi? Insomma chi sta alla regia di questa raccolta spasmodica di esperienze da catalogare? Queste sono le domande che Donata Columbro, nel suo nuovo libro edito da Il Margine "Quando i dati discriminano", invita tutte e tutti noi a farci. A leggerli con consapevolezza. Perché invece di aiutare, potrebbero amplificare discriminazioni a danno delle minoranze o delle donne che non sono minoranza ma sono di fatto ancora discriminate.
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Donata Columbro ci sprona a guardare dentro a un dato, scardinando anche un concetto abusato come quello di “normalità”. Fare attenzione nel credere che dentro una statistica ci sia tutto "In verità c'è solo una parte, una parte scelta dagli uomini, i dati non sono qualcosa di esistente in natura. Dentro un dato ci sono scelte umane che raccontano aspetti e non altri di un fenomeno". L'autrice spiega dunque perché una statistica può amplificare le discriminazioni di genere, per esempio. "I dati sulla popolazione femminile fino agli anni 90 hanno raccontato solo un aspetto delle donne, relativo al suo ruolo familiare, ma la donna non era solo quella cosa raccontata. Oggi sono entrati nuovi parametri ma sempre di sguardo e di scelte si tratta".
Donata Columbro è giornalista e formatrice. Ha pubblicato i libri Ti spiego il dato (Quinto Quarto, 2021) e Dentro l’algoritmo (effequ, 2022). Collabora con L’Essenziale e La Stampa, per cui cura la rubrica Data Storie. Insegna Data Visualization all’università Iulm, tiene un corso di Data Humanism per la Scuola Holden ed è tra i docenti del Master di Giornalismo di Torino. Ha fondato il gruppo di lettura “Data Book Club” e ogni mercoledì scrive una seguita newsletter su dati, tecnologia e algoritmi.
Se vuoi approfondire il suo lavoro clicca qui.
